Transcribed image text: Which of the following statements is true about emotions? Which of the following statements about emotions is Fear happens when you sense any type of threat. of humility and respect, D. This may be the body's way of avoiding things that may carry transmittable diseases.. emotion? Understanding anger: How psychologists help with anger problems. Gottlieb MM. a. emotions cannot be separated from our mental lives reduce anxiety and cope with real life problems, A. d. looking for justice and revenge, c. feeling powerful and in control. For example, pop culture influences tend to emphasize that attaining certain things such as buying a home or having a high-paying job will result in happiness. c. People vary in their moods by time of day. observe emotional responses in peoples daily social interactions, B. break emotions study the connection between physiological activity and emotional responses, D. Even if you are not sure exactly whats behind your disgust, a therapist can help you work through the emotion and explore positive ways of coping with it. a. anger is neither right nor wrong b. experiencing negative emotions is always unhealthy. Basic emotions, on the other hand, are unmixed and innate. page 161, 15. b. everyone experiences stages of grief All emotions have an associated valence (core effect). Emotional stress can cause issues ranging from depression and anxiety to addition and anger. After analyzing the responses of more than 800 men to more than 2,000 video clips, researchers created an interactive map to demonstrate how these emotions are related to one another. While everyone that received an injection of epinephrine experienced the same physiological arousal, only those who were not expecting the arousal used context to interpret the arousal as a change in emotional state (Schachter & Singer, 1962). opportunities to learn these values, B. Emotions play an important role in our daily lives. 2013;23(2):R79-93. AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS, Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology Overview, Chapter 2: Psychological Research Overview, 2.3 Analyzing Findings and Experimental Design, Chapter 3: Biological Basis of Behavior Overview, Chapter 4: States of Consciousness Overview, Chapter 5: Sensation & Perception Overview, 5.7 Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Perception, 6.6 Learning to Unlearn - Behavioral Principles in Clinical Psychology, 6.7 Learning Principles in Everyday Behavior, Chapter 7: Cognition & Intelligence Overview, 8.2 Parts of the Brain Involved in Memory, 10.2 Freud & the Psychodynamic Perspective, 10.3 Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, & Horney, 10.5 Humanistic Approaches to Personality, 10.6 Biological Approaches to Personality, 10.8 Cultural Understanding of Personality, Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders Overview, 12.2 Diagnosing & Classifying Psychological Disorders, 12.3 Perspectives on Psychological Disorders, 12.5 Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders, 13.1 Mental Health Treatment: Past & Present, 13.4 Substance-Related & Addictive Disorders: A Special Case, 13.5 The Sociocultural Model & Therapy Utilization, Kathryn Dumper, William Jenkins, Arlene Lacombe, Marilyn Lovett, and Marion Perimutter, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Describe the role that limbic structures play in emotional processing, Understand the ubiquitous nature of producing and recognizing emotional expression. What would the James-Lange theory predict about your experience? doi:10.1073/pnas.1702247114, Gruber J, Moskowitz JT, eds. He later expanded his list of basic emotions to include such things as pride, shame, embarrassment, and excitement. most countries scored similarly on controlling emotions, B. Animal research has demonstrated that there is increased activation of the amygdala in rat pups that have odor cues paired with electrical shock when their mother is absent. The rat pups that experienced abuse were much more likely to exhibit depressive-like symptoms during adolescence when compared to controls. pursuing goals that foster personal interests, A. how we adjust This section closes with a discussion of the ubiquitous nature of facial expressions of emotion and our abilities to recognize those expressions in others. According to this theory, emotions are composed of two factors: physiological and cognitive. Repeated exposure to a fear object or situation can lead to familiarity and acclimation, which can reduce feelings of fear and anxiety.. his finding suggested there are only several universal emotions, C. b. men are more likely than women to express positive emotions Surprise is often characterized by: Surprise is another type of emotion that can trigger the fight or flight response. connects to: Language is important to helping us communicate our feelings. c. deciding to forgive explored the relationship between play and culture. The relationship between our experiencing of emotions and our cognitive processing of them, and the order in which these occur, remains a topic of research and debate. They include happiness, fear, anger, and sadness. Evaluations of youth court programs show that the rate of re-offending is very low. c. regression interpret, and communicate their feelings. By Kendra Cherry The same emotion may not have the same function or meaning in different The 6 Universal Emotions Happiness Surprise Sadness Anger Disgust Fear Researchers have shown photographs of people expressing these emotions to individuals from different cultures, and people from all over the world have been able to identify the basic emotions behind these expressions. The amygdala is composed of various subnuclei, including the basolateral complex and the central nucleus (figure below). The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Verywell Mind receives compensation. happiness, C. Imagine you find a venomous snake crawling up your leg just after taking a drug that prevented sympathetic nervous system activation. For example, a 2017 study suggests there are 27 categories of emotion. Emotional intelligence consists of: In contrast to the Schachter-Singer model, the appraisal precedes a cognitive label. Emotions can be expressed verbally (through words and tone of voice) or by using nonverbal communication, including the use of body language or facial expressions. Individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show marked reductions in the volume of several parts of the hippocampus, which may result from decreased levels of neurogenesis and dendritic branching (the generation of new neurons and the generation of new dendrites in existing neurons, respectively) (Wang et al., 2010). These depressive-like behaviors were associated with increased activation of the amygdala. All of the following are suggestions for dealing with guilt except: provide support when she displays emotions such as anger and pride, C. playful question Most emotions are experienced as dramatic and long-lasting He also believed in what we might casually refer to as a gut feelingthat we can experience an instantaneous and unexplainable like or dislike for someone or something (Zajonc, 1980). a. suppression page 164, 22. page 164 & 165, 21. which statement is not true about emotions? a. defense mechanism emotions are objective responses to experiences in our environment, B. pretend play helps Mayan children work through their emotional needs, D. emotional expressions, A. This video discusses research that demonstrates how the volume of the hippocampus can vary as a function of traumatic experiences. 1. ), they tend to fall under six key basic emotions. Which statement is NOT true about emotional stress? would be an example of reducing stress by: Which of these concepts is part of the EVLN model? The first form of abusive treatment had an insufficient bedding condition. An unpleasant surprise, for example, might involve someone jumping out from behind a tree and scaring you as you walk to your car at night. A. Surprise can have important effects on human behavior. Children who have autism spectrum disorders have difficulty recognizing the emotional states of others, and research has shown that this may stem from an inability to distinguish various nonverbal expressions of emotion (i.e., facial expressions) from one another (Hobson, 1986). The interdependent self openly expresses anger and pride. page 160, 16. The Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural Psychology. What was one important finding from Matusmoto and colleagues 30 nation The James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories have each garnered some empirical support in various research paradigms. D. Emotional stress can make an individual physically ill. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Plant assets were sold at a $10,000 gain. 2. prescriptions for how we manage, adjust, and express emotions, D. behavioral responses In an there was no need to attend to variability in emotional expression, A. The ability to produce and recognize facial expressions of emotions seems to be universal regardless of cultural background. Emotions are also an important topic in psychology, and researchers have devoted a great deal of energy toward understanding the purpose of emotions and developing theories about how and why emotions occur. (perdre). Which of the following is the BEST way of staying objective when dealing with an emotional person? 2017;8:288. doi. Emotions spontaneously arise each day despite our efforts to control them. how we adjust our behavior to particular situations, C. expressed shame, parents responded by: In their work, Cole and colleagues found that parent interactions with young Matsumoto D, Hwang H. Cultural display rules. d. do speak up when an issue is important to you, c. do say everything that is on your mind. When the quality of a threatening experience is blown way out of proportion to the actual danger posed and to the point that the anxiety hinders daily functioning, it becomes: 11. pressure rises and you get red in the face you should experience anger, B. For example, research has shown that people tend to disproportionately notice surprising events. These are mental states that is caused by neurophysiological changes, which are associated with a variety of thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and pleasure or displeasure. At times, it may seem like we are ruled by these emotions. d. repression, 17. findings? 2010;27(4):327-38. doi:10.1002/da.20686, Kozlowska K, Walker P, Mclean L, Carrive P. Fear and the Defense Cascade: Clinical Implications and Management. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behaviors and communication and social problems. Which of the following statements about emotions is FALSE? His research into the neuroscience of emotion has demonstrated the amygdalas primary role in fear (Cunha, Monfils, & LeDoux, 2010; LeDoux 1996, 2002). sense of our feelings, thoughts, and actions, A. provide her with pursuing goals that foster independence, D. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The six basic emotions described by Eckman are just a portion of the many different types of emotions that people are capable of experiencing. Most emotions are experienced as dramatic and long-lasting events. processing and expressing emotions connects to cultural values and worldviews, C. Which statement is true? Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. c. emotional debt A person is more likely to get sick while experiencing poor emotional health. Surprise is usually quite brief and is characterized by a physiological startle response following something unexpected. This would seem to suggest that the pattern of activity in facial muscles involved in generating emotional expressions is universal, and indeed, this idea was suggested in the late 19th century in Charles Darwins bookThe Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals(1872). Someone trained in reading these tests would look for answers to questions that are associated with increased levels of arousal as potential signs that the respondent may have been dishonest on those answers. Instead of trying to change the emotions you experience, consider how you react to them. While research into gender differences in emotional display is equivocal, there is some evidence that men and women may differ in regulation of emotions (McRae, Ochsner, Mauss, Gabrieli, & Gross, 2008). Beginning and ending Retained Earnings are$44,000 and $69,000, respectively. experiences are dependent upon physiological responses and how a person After receiving these injections, participants waited in a room with someone else they thought was another subject in the research project. b. forgive yourself Each and every day we spend a tremendous amount of timewitnessing the emotions of others,interpreting what these signals might mean, anddetermining how to respond toand deal with our own complex emotional experiences. They found that: Gaskins and Millers cross-cultural study on childrens play suggested that: The Display Rule Assessment Inventory (DRAI) measures: In their 30 nation cross-cultural study using the DRAI to explore the Read our. d. own your feelings, a. take responsibility for other people's feelings. B. All of the following are do's and don'ts of effective emotional expression of anger except: Fear is a totally normal emotion and one that likely kept your ancestors from being eaten alive. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker & Co.; 1999. socialization practice that reinforce which type of emotions? c. physiological arousal precedes emotional experience. emotions is to: In his work on the Expression of emotions in man and animals Darwin argued d. all of the above, 29. In cultures __________ are norms about when, where and how much we should show emotions. A manager at the plant has a good sense of humour. they all studied numerous cultural communities, A. Some of the emotions he later identified included: As with many concepts in psychology, not all theorists agree on how to classify emotions or what the basic emotions actually are. c. feeling powerful and in control Recall what you have learned about the sympathetic nervous system and our fight or flight response when threatened. The second form of abusive treatment had an associative learning task that involved pairing odors and an electrical stimulus in the absence of the mother, as described above. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. When youre sad, you might describe yourself as feeling: Sadness can be hard to shake, but depending on your situation, these tips might help: It may help to talk with a therapist if your sadness lingers or begins to have a significant impact on daily life and makes it hard to work, go to school, or maintain your relationships. page 155. c. learn what love is, get out there, forgive your past relationships, move on The independent self experiences shame when it fails to meet caregivers Surprise is another one of the six basic types of human emotions originally described by Eckman. Accepting and learning to handle and express emotions is a mark of __________. a. exploring the anger that you have Employees with high levels of continuance commitment: Multiple Choice. The statements about appealing to emotions in speeches which is true is: it can be advantageous to appeal to emotion depending on the audience and purpose of the speech. A more recent study suggests that there are at least 27 distinct emotions, all of which are highly interconnected. Chapter 05, Lifespan Development - Boyd 6th ed. biological basis to our ability to communicate emotions through facial When startled, people may experience a burst of adrenaline that helps prepare the body to either fight or flee.. We avoid using tertiary references. and cope with real life problems, B. enjoy an altered Here we will focus on emotion, and you will learn more about mood in the chapter that covers psychological disorders. This d. depression, 24. Havas, Glenberg, Gutowski, Lucarelli, and Davidson (2010) discovered that depressed individuals reported less depression after paralysis of their frowning muscles with Botox injections. Social pressures, cultural influences, and past experience can all help shape the expression of emotion. and answering sessions, A. self-esteem? reinforce which of the following cultural value? ego focused and socially engaging? Like other emotions, sadness is something that all people experience from time to time. Fear is the emotional response to an immediate threat. Fortunately, many of these emotions translate as pleasurable ones - feelings of joy, contentment and love. Research has also found that people tend to be more swayed by surprising arguments and learn more from surprising information. c. it gets in the way of our allowing individuals the right to experience the consequences of their choices / which statement is not true about emotions? 2017. doi: Mellers, B, Fincher, K, Drummond, C, Bigony, M. Surprise: A belief or an emotion? It is critical for classical conditioning and for attaching emotional value to learning processes and memory. \quad M \quad (F), E.M. est une artiste francaise. This appraisal mediates between the stimulus and the emotional response, and it is immediate and often unconscious. This type of emotion is sometimes expressed through: While happiness is considered one of the basic human emotions, the things we think will create happiness tend to be heavily influenced by culture. We rely on the most current and reputable sources, which are cited in the text and listed at the bottom of each article. In the shorthand technique for expressing your feelings, you are encouraged to: Psychologists have also tried to identify the different types of emotions that people experience. While many expressions of emotion are innate and likely hard-wired in the brain, there are many other factors that influence how we reveal our inner feelings. would use which of the following words to describe this experience? Ricky is assess as having high emotional intelligence. Cowen AS, et al. To test their idea, Schachter and Singer performed a clever experiment. According to the ________ theory of emotion, emotional experiences arise from physiological arousal. family dinner. You dont have to navigate the process of identifying your emotions alone. )., Progress in Brain Research, Vol. Lelani lives in a household that values sensitivity to others and Emotions are often thought to be consciously experienced and intentional. Primary emotions such as love, joy, surprise, anger, and sadness can then be further broken down into secondary emotions. Eventually, feelings of fear begin to decrease. . skills and abilities that help them to acquire language, A. Berkeley News. Which one of the following statements about emotions is true? Some people experience certain moods and emotions b. more frequently than others. This experience can make you feel threatened, trapped, and unable to defend yourself. Verywell Mind's content is for informational and educational purposes only. 2. research in several different cultural communities, B. with sighted and blink atheletes? What to Know About Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs), Queen Elizabeth's Cause of Death Due to Old Age: What that Means, Habits Matter More Than You Might Think These Tips Can Help the Good Ones Stick. b) Management in Europe is not concerned about differences in emotions. c. be with the mourner 3. our emotional experiences in particular situations, B. b. b. express them constructively page 164. page 161, 14. You have probably heard that body language signals and gestures sometimes have different meanings in different cultures, but does the same idea apply to facial expressions as well? there was a great deal of variability for controlling emotions, B. emotional Disgust can happen as a natural response to something you dislike. The emotions he identified were happiness, sadness, disgust, fear, surprise, and anger. Uncontrolled anger can quickly turn to aggression, abuse, or violence. In fact, even congenitally blind individuals produce the same facial expression of emotions, despite their never having the opportunity to observe these facial displays of emotion in other people. c. regression __________ is a feeling of anticipated distress, danger, or hurt. All of the following are questions to ask yourself when attempting to shift your anger form an emotional level to an intellectual level except: Follow Now: Apple Podcasts / Spotify / Google Podcasts. b. stay in the present In Japanese culture, it is typically less acceptable to display strong negative emotions in front of others than in American culture. By masking their expressions, the Japanese viewers were adhering to the display rules of their culture. and non-human primates use different facial expressions to convey similar Which cultural value would caregiver socialization practices reinforce in While he has found that the human face is capable of creating an astonishing variety of expressions (more than 7,000! page 172. Why can we not make causal claims regarding the relationship between the volume of the hippocampus and PTSD? FALSE? is a psychological state that refers to the positive expectations of the intent or behavior of the other person in situations involving risk. European American children never used bedtime story material as a reference for It refers to a person's ability to suppress his/her true emotions and express organizationally accurate emotions. What Part of the Brain Controls Emotions? We can also develop a similar reaction to anticipated threats or even our thoughts about potential dangers, and this is what we generally think of as anxiety. events. Anwar Y. Emoji fans take heart: Scientists pinpoint 27 states of emotion. Emotions play a critical role in how we live our lives, from influencing how we engage with others in our day to day lives to affecting the decisions we make. employees to engage in some level of: _________ are judgments, whereas emotions are _________. Researchers believe that this emotion evolved as a reaction to foods that might be harmful or fatal. Some might feel intense, while others seem mild in comparison.